Sources and methodology
The archive combines referenced historical facts with independently written interpretation of why a change mattered. Generation relationships are recorded explicitly. Specification values may come from separate references; missing values mean not recorded, not absent. Product coverage is still expanding.
Research references
- Apple Reinvents the Phone with iPhone · Apple
- Apple Introduces the New iPhone 3G · Apple
- Apple Announces the New iPhone 3GS · Apple
- Apple Presents iPhone 4 · Apple
- Apple Launches iPhone 4S, iOS 5 & iCloud · Apple
- Apple Introduces iPhone 5 · Apple
- Apple Announces iPhone 5s · Apple
- Apple Introduces iPhone 5c · Apple
- Apple Announces iPhone 6 & iPhone 6 Plus · Apple
- Apple Introduces iPhone 6s & iPhone 6s Plus · Apple
- Apple Introduces iPhone SE · Apple
- Apple introduces iPhone 7 & iPhone 7 Plus · Apple
- iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus: A new generation of iPhone · Apple
- The future is here: iPhone X · Apple
- iPhone Xs and iPhone Xs Max bring the best and biggest displays to iPhone · Apple
- Apple introduces iPhone XR · Apple
- Apple introduces dual camera iPhone 11 · Apple
- iPhone 11 Pro and iPhone 11 Pro Max: the most powerful and advanced smartphones · Apple
- iPhone SE: A powerful new smartphone in a popular design · Apple
- Apple announces iPhone 12 and iPhone 12 mini: A new era for iPhone with 5G · Apple
- Apple introduces iPhone 12 Pro and iPhone 12 Pro Max with 5G · Apple
- Apple introduces iPhone 13 and iPhone 13 mini · Apple
- Apple unveils iPhone 13 Pro and iPhone 13 Pro Max · Apple
- Apple announces the new iPhone SE · Apple
- Apple introduces iPhone 14 and iPhone 14 Plus · Apple
- Apple debuts iPhone 14 Pro and iPhone 14 Pro Max · Apple
- Apple debuts iPhone 15 and iPhone 15 Plus · Apple
- Apple unveils iPhone 15 Pro and iPhone 15 Pro Max · Apple
- Apple introduces iPhone 16 and iPhone 16 Plus · Apple
- Apple debuts iPhone 16 Pro and iPhone 16 Pro Max · Apple
- Apple debuts iPhone 16e: A powerful new member of the iPhone 16 family · Apple
- Apple debuts iPhone 17 · Apple
- Introducing iPhone Air, a powerful new iPhone with a breakthrough design · Apple
- Apple unveils iPhone 17 Pro and iPhone 17 Pro Max · Apple
- Apple introduces iPhone 17e · Apple
- Apple debuts iPhone 18 Pro and iPhone 18 Pro Max · Apple
- Apple unveils iPhone Duo · Apple
- Apple Introduces MacBook Air—The World’s Thinnest Notebook · Apple
- Apple Launches iPad · Apple
- Apple Introduces All-New MacBook Pro with Retina Display · Apple
- Apple Unveils Apple Watch—Apple’s Most Personal Device Ever · Apple
- Apple reinvents the wireless headphone with AirPods · Apple
- Introducing the next generation of Mac · Apple
- Introducing Apple Vision Pro: Apple’s first spatial computer · Apple
- Introducing Apple Watch Series 12, with the all-new Health Sensing System · Apple
- Apple unveils Apple Watch Ultra 4 · Apple
- Apple introduces AirPods 5 with best-in-class open-ear Active Noise Cancellation · Apple
- iMac (Mid 2007) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- Mac mini (Mid 2011) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- New MacBook Family Redefines Notebook Design · Apple
- Apple Updates MacBook Pro Family with New Models & Innovative Built-in Battery for Up to 40 Percent Longer Battery Life · Apple
- Apple Unveils New iMac With 21.5 and 27-inch Displays · Apple
- Apple Unveils All New Mac mini · Apple
- Apple Reinvents Notebooks With New MacBook Air · Apple
- Apple Introduces All New MacBook Pro with Retina Display · Apple
- All-New iMac Features Stunning Design, Brilliant Display & Faster Performance · Apple
- Introducing the All New Mac Pro—The Most Radical Mac Ever · Apple
- Apple Introduces 27-inch iMac with Retina 5K Display · Apple
- Apple Unveils All-New MacBook · Apple
- Apple unveils groundbreaking new MacBook Pro · Apple
- iMac Pro, the most powerful Mac ever, available today · Apple
- All-new MacBook Air takes flight · Apple
- New Mac mini packs a huge punch · Apple
- Apple unveils powerful, all-new Mac Pro and groundbreaking Pro Display XDR · Apple
- Apple introduces 16-inch MacBook Pro, the world’s best pro notebook · Apple
- iMac features all-new design in vibrant colors, M1 chip, and 4.5K Retina display · Apple
- Apple unveils game-changing MacBook Pro · Apple
- Apple unveils all-new Mac Studio and Studio Display · Apple
- Apple unveils all-new MacBook Air, supercharged by the new M2 chip · Apple
- Apple introduces new Mac mini with M2 and M2 Pro — more powerful, capable, and versatile than ever · Apple
- Apple unveils MacBook Pro featuring M2 Pro and M2 Max · Apple
- Apple introduces the 15-inch MacBook Air · Apple
- Apple unveils new Mac Studio and brings Apple silicon to Mac Pro · Apple
- Apple supercharges 24-inch iMac with new M3 chip · Apple
- Apple unveils new MacBook Pro featuring M3 chips · Apple
- Apple unveils the new 13- and 15-inch MacBook Air with the powerful M3 chip · Apple
- Track your nightly wrist temperature changes with Apple Watch · Apple
- Use Crash Detection on iPhone or Apple Watch to call for help in an accident · Apple
- Identify your iPad model · Apple
- iPad Pro (10.5-inch) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad (5th generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad Pro (12.9-inch) (2nd generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad Pro (9.7-inch) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad mini 4 - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad mini 3 - Technical Specification · Apple
- iPad Pro (12.9-inch) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad 2 - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad (3rd generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad mini - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad (4th generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad Air - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad mini 2 with Retina display - Technical Specifications · Apple
- Apple Events · Apple
- Apple Launches iPad · Apple
- iPad Available in US on April 3 · Apple
- Apple Launches iPad 2 · Apple
- Apple Launches New iPad · Apple
- Apple Introduces iPad mini · Apple
- Apple Announces iPad Air—Dramatically Thinner, Lighter & More Powerful iPad · Apple
- iPad mini with Retina Display Available Starting Today · Apple
- Apple Introduces iPad Air 2—The Thinnest, Most Powerful iPad Ever · Apple
- Apple Introduces iPad Pro Featuring Epic 12.9-inch Retina Display · Apple
- Epic 12.9-inch iPad Pro Available to Order Online Wednesday & Arrives in Stores Later This Week · Apple
- Apple Introduces 9.7-inch iPad Pro · Apple
- New 9.7-inch iPad features stunning Retina display and incredible performance · Apple
- iPad Pro, in 10.5-inch and 12.9-inch models, introduces the world’s most advanced display and breakthrough performance · Apple
- Apple reveals Apple Watch Series 7, featuring the largest, most advanced display · Apple
- Apple Watch Series 7 orders start Friday, October 8 · Apple
- Apple reveals Apple Watch Series 8 and the new Apple Watch SE · Apple
- Introducing Apple Watch Ultra · Apple
- Apple introduces the advanced new Apple Watch Series 9 · Apple
- Apple unveils Apple Watch Ultra 2 · Apple
- Apple Watch (1st generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- Apple Watch Series 1 - Technical Specifications · Apple
- Apple Watch Series 2 - Technical Specifications · Apple
- Apple Watch Series 3 - Technical Specifications · Apple
- Apple Watch Series 4 - Technical Specifications · Apple
- Apple Watch Series 5 - Technical Specifications · Apple
- Apple Watch Series 6 - Technical Specifications · Apple
- Apple Watch SE (1st generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- Apple Watch Available in Nine Countries on April 24 · Apple
- Apple introduces Apple Watch Series 2 · Apple
- Apple AirPods are now available · Apple
- Apple Watch Series 3 features built-in cellular and more · Apple
- Redesigned Apple Watch Series 4 revolutionizes communication, fitness and health · Apple
- ECG app and irregular heart rhythm notification available today on Apple Watch · Apple
- AirPods, the world’s most popular wireless headphones, are getting even better · Apple
- Apple unveils Apple Watch Series 5 · Apple
- Apple reveals new AirPods Pro, available October 30 · Apple
- Apple Watch SE: The ultimate combination of design, function, and value · Apple
- Apple Watch Series 6 delivers breakthrough wellness and fitness capabilities · Apple
- Apple introduces AirPods Max, the magic of AirPods in a stunning over-ear design · Apple
- Introducing the next generation of AirPods · Apple
- Apple announces the next generation of AirPods Pro · Apple
- Apple upgrades AirPods Pro (2nd generation) with USB‐C charging · Apple
- Apple introduces AirPods 4 and a hearing health experience with AirPods Pro 2 · Apple
- Get ready to discover the next generation of iPhone, Apple Watch, and AirPods · Apple
- Introducing AirPods Pro 3, the ultimate audio experience · Apple
- Apple introduces AirPods Max 2 · Apple
- Apple introduces AirPods 5 with best-in-class open-ear Active Noise Cancellation · Apple
- Get ready to experience iPhone 18 Pro, the new Apple Watch lineup, and AirPods 5 · Apple
- Apple Vision Pro - Official Apple Support · Apple
- Identify your Apple TV model · Apple
- Identify your iPod model · Apple
- How to get the best fit wearing Apple Vision Pro · Apple
- Connect and charge Apple Vision Pro battery · Apple
- Use gestures with Apple Vision Pro · Apple
- iPad Pro 13‑inch (M4) - Tech Specs · Apple
- iPad Pro 11‑inch (M4) - Tech Specs · Apple
- iPad Air 13-inch (M2) - Tech Specs · Apple
- iPad Air 11-inch (M2) - Tech Specs · Apple
- iPad (A16) - Tech Specs · Apple
- MacBook Neo - Tech Specs · Apple
- Apple TV (1st generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- Apple TV (3rd generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- Apple TV HD - Technical Specifications · Apple
- Apple TV 4K (1st generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- HomePod (1st generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad (6th generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad Pro 11-inch (1st generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad Pro 12.9-inch (3rd generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad Air (3rd generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad mini (5th generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad (7th generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad Pro 11-inch (2nd generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad Pro 12.9-inch (4th generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad (8th generation) - Technical specifications · Apple
- iPad Air (4th generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad Pro, 11-inch (3rd generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad Pro, 12.9-inch (5th generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- Apple TV 4K (2nd generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad (9th generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- iPad mini (6th generation) - Tech Specs · Apple
- Apple TV 4K (3rd generation) - Tech Specs · Apple
- HomePod (2nd generation) - Tech Specs · Apple
- Apple Vision Pro - Technical Specifications · Apple
- M5 칩과 듀얼 니트 밴드를 탑재한 Apple Vision Pro, 대한민국에 출시 · Apple
- Apple TV Coming to Your Living Room · Apple
- Apple TV Now Shipping · Apple
- Apple Introduces All New iPod nano · Apple
- Apple Unveils iPod touch · Apple
- Apple Introduces New iPod nano · Apple
- Apple Introduces New iPod touch · Apple
- Apple Announces Incredible New iPod shuffle · Apple
- Apple Introduces New iPod nano With Built-in Video Camera · Apple
- Apple Introduces New iPod touch Lineup · Apple
- Apple Introduces New iPod touch · Apple
- Apple Premieres New Apple TV for Breakthrough Price of $99 · Apple
- Apple Reinvents iPod nano With Multi-Touch Interface · Apple
- Apple Unveils New iPod shuffle · Apple
- Apple Brings 1080p High Definition to New Apple TV · Apple
- Apple Introduces New iPod touch & iPod nano · Apple
- Apple Introduces The Best iPod touch Yet · Apple
- Apple Brings Innovation Back to Television with The All-New Apple TV · Apple
- HomePod reinvents music in the home · Apple
- Apple TV 4K brings home the magic of cinema with 4K and HDR · Apple
- Apple introduces new 9.7-inch iPad with Apple Pencil support · Apple
- New iPad Pro with all-screen design Is most advanced, powerful iPad ever · Apple
- All-new iPad Air and iPad mini deliver dramatic power and capability · Apple
- New iPod touch delivers even greater performance · Apple
- Apple introduces new version of the most popular iPad starting at $329 · Apple
- Apple unveils new iPad Pro with LiDAR Scanner and trackpad support in iPadOS · Apple
- Apple introduces eighth-generation iPad with a huge jump in performance · Apple
- Apple unveils all-new iPad Air with A14 Bionic, Apple’s most advanced chip · Apple
- Apple introduces HomePod mini: A powerful smart speaker with amazing sound · Apple
- Apple unveils new iPad Pro with M1 chip and stunning Liquid Retina XDR display · Apple
- Apple unveils the next generation of Apple TV 4K · Apple
- Apple unveils new iPad mini with breakthrough performance in stunning new design · Apple
- Apple’s most popular iPad delivers even more performance and advanced features · Apple
- Apple introduces the most powerful and versatile iPad Air ever · Apple
- Apple introduces next-generation iPad Pro, supercharged by the M2 chip · Apple
- Apple introduces the powerful next-generation Apple TV 4K · Apple
- Apple unveils completely redesigned iPad in four vibrant colors · Apple
- Apple introduces the new HomePod with breakthrough sound and intelligence · Apple
- Apple Vision Pro available in the U.S. on February 2 · Apple
- Apple unveils stunning new iPad Pro with M4 chip and Apple Pencil Pro · Apple
- Apple unveils the redesigned 11-inch and all-new 13-inch iPad Air with M2 · Apple
- Apple Vision Pro arrives in new countries and regions beginning June 28 · Apple
- Apple introduces HomePod mini in midnight · Apple
- Apple Watch Ultra 2 now available in black titanium · Apple
- Introducing Apple Watch Series 10 · Apple
- Apple introduces new iMac supercharged by M4 and Apple Intelligence · Apple
- Apple introduces powerful new iPad mini built for Apple Intelligence · Apple
- Apple’s new Mac mini is more mighty, more mini, and built for Apple Intelligence · Apple
- New MacBook Pro features M4 family of chips and Apple Intelligence · Apple
- Apple introduces iPad Air with powerful M3 chip and new Magic Keyboard · Apple
- Apple introduces the new MacBook Air with the M4 chip and a sky blue color · Apple
- Apple unveils new Mac Studio, the most powerful Mac ever · Apple
- Apple debuts Apple Watch Series 11, featuring groundbreaking health insights · Apple
- Apple introduces Apple Watch SE 3 · Apple
- Introducing Apple Watch Ultra 3 · Apple
- The latest iPhone, Apple Watch, and AirPods arrive in Apple Store locations · Apple
- Apple introduces the powerful new iPad Pro with the M5 chip · Apple
- Apple unleashes M5, the next big leap in AI performance for Apple silicon · Apple
- Apple unveils new 14‑inch MacBook Pro powered by the M5 chip · Apple
- Apple Vision Pro upgraded with the M5 chip and Dual Knit Band · Apple
- Apple introduces MacBook Pro with all-new M5 Pro and M5 Max · Apple
- Apple introduces the new iPad Air, powered by M4 · Apple
- Apple introduces the new MacBook Air with M5 · Apple
- Say hello to MacBook Neo · Apple
- Apple introduces new Mac Studio with M5 Max and M5 Ultra · Apple
- Apple unveils a more powerful Mac mini featuring the all-new M6 and M5 Pro · Apple
- Apple advances health and fitness capabilities using Apple Intelligence · Apple
- iPad Pro 11-inch (4th generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- Identify your AirPods · Apple
- Apple Watch Ultra 2 - Tech Specs · Apple
- Apple Watch Series 9 - Tech Specs · Apple
- iPad (10th generation) - Tech Specs · Apple
- iPad Pro 12.9-inch (6th generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- Apple Watch Series 8 - Technical Specifications · Apple
- Apple Watch Ultra - Technical Specifications · Apple
- Apple Watch SE (2nd generation) - Tech Specs · Apple
- iPad Air (5th generation) - Tech Specs · Apple
- Apple Watch Series 7 - Technical Specifications · Apple
- HomePod mini - Tech Specs · Apple
- iPad Air 2 - Technical Specification · Apple
- Apple TV (2nd generation) - Technical Specifications · Apple
- Apple Watch Series 10 - Tech Specs · Apple
- iPad mini (A17 Pro) - Tech Specs · Apple
- Use the Action button on Apple Watch Ultra models · Apple
- Use double tap to perform common actions on Apple Watch · Apple
- The new iPadOS powers unique experiences designed for iPad · Apple
- Apple announces Mac transition to Apple silicon · Apple
- Introducing Apple Intelligence for iPhone, iPad, and Mac · Apple
- Apple introduces a delightful and elegant new software design · Apple
- Apple unveils next generation of Apple Intelligence, Siri AI, and more · Apple